Presentation
AcclMT: A Highly Resource-Efficient and Flexible Poseidon Hash-Based Merkle Tree Architecture
SessionOf Circuits and Secrets: Emerging Hardware Security Primitives and Cryptographic Accelerators
DescriptionMerkle Tree is a fundamental cryptographic primi
tive in Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) protocols, sharing significant
computational workloads with the Number Theoretic Transform
(NTT) in zk-STARK schemes. Merkle Tree is a tree structure
where nodes are primarily generated through hash computations.
Among them, Poseidon Hash, as a ZK-friendly hash function,
has emerged as one of the most widely adopted choices. There
fore, hardware acceleration of building Merkle Tree based on
Poseidon Hash can significantly enhance the performance of
ZKP protocols. We propose AcclMT, a highly resource-efficient
and flexible Poseidon Hash-based Merkle Tree architecture. Our
design employs hardware-software co-design and optimizes the
hashing data flow, resulting in an area-efficient Poseidon Hash
engine that improves modular multiplication resource utilization.
Furthermore, AcclMT uses these engines alongside hierarchical
on-chip cache and optimized task scheduling for building large
Merkle Trees. It also supports flexible parameter configurations
for various requirements. Experimental results show that our
proposed Poseidon Hash engine achieves a 14.3 × speedup
compared to the latest FPGA-based work. By improving resource
utilization, it also reduces area usage by 14.8% compared to
unoptimized design. AcclMT achieves up to 1665 × speedup over
software implementations in building Merkle tree, with average
utilization of 95.9% and 99.2% for the two hash engines.
tive in Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) protocols, sharing significant
computational workloads with the Number Theoretic Transform
(NTT) in zk-STARK schemes. Merkle Tree is a tree structure
where nodes are primarily generated through hash computations.
Among them, Poseidon Hash, as a ZK-friendly hash function,
has emerged as one of the most widely adopted choices. There
fore, hardware acceleration of building Merkle Tree based on
Poseidon Hash can significantly enhance the performance of
ZKP protocols. We propose AcclMT, a highly resource-efficient
and flexible Poseidon Hash-based Merkle Tree architecture. Our
design employs hardware-software co-design and optimizes the
hashing data flow, resulting in an area-efficient Poseidon Hash
engine that improves modular multiplication resource utilization.
Furthermore, AcclMT uses these engines alongside hierarchical
on-chip cache and optimized task scheduling for building large
Merkle Trees. It also supports flexible parameter configurations
for various requirements. Experimental results show that our
proposed Poseidon Hash engine achieves a 14.3 × speedup
compared to the latest FPGA-based work. By improving resource
utilization, it also reduces area usage by 14.8% compared to
unoptimized design. AcclMT achieves up to 1665 × speedup over
software implementations in building Merkle tree, with average
utilization of 95.9% and 99.2% for the two hash engines.
Event Type
Research Manuscript
TimeWednesday, June 251:30pm - 1:45pm PDT
Location3008, Level 3
Security
SEC2: Hardware Security: Primitives & Architecture, Design & Test